Tiếng thổi tĩnh mạch gan (Hepatic venous hum)

Mô tả: Low-pitched hum heard over the liver when auscultating with the bell of the stethoscope.

Nguyên nhân: • Portal hypertension • Large haemangioma • Hepatoma

Cơ chế: A hepatic venous hum occurs with portal hypertension as the blood flows into the lower-pressure systemic system via collateral vessels from the higher-pressure portal system, creating a continuous ‘noise’.59